Computer (Maia Falavandishvili)

Today man’s scientific knowledge is very wide and highly advanced. It has helped him to discover and invent many things for his ease, comfort and efficiency. Computer is the latest and most brilliant child of science.
Origin of Computer:
Charles Babbage developed the first analytical engine in 1812. This machine had the concepts of modern computers namely memory, arithmetic unit and capacity to handle stored programme. But this machine could not be put into practical applications due to technological limitations tat that time.Use of Computers:
Many of the routine activities in today’s society are being performed by computers. For example, when we go on holiday our seats are often reserved with a computer. The traffic in the some major cities is, to a large degree controlled by computer. Many of the bills we pay are calculated and printed by a computer. Hence computer has marked a new era in the history of development of man’s life.
Because of its extremely high seed, a computer can carry out calculation in just a few minutes that would require months perhaps even years if carried by hand. This very high speed is accompanied by an equally high level of reliability. Thus a computer practically never makes a mistake of its own accord. Computers are devices which process information very fast. These machines can be programmed and can be made to perform repetitive type of calculations consistently, accurately and speedily.Computers cannot ‘think’ in the way humans can do. They can do what they are told. Finally, it is important to appreciate the once a computer has been given a piece of information, it is always capable of ‘remembering’ it at any time. In this sense, it is far superior to human being. The computer, however, can always find any piece of information that it has in store, and this data can be reproduced tomorrow, or in years to come, exactly in its original form provided that nobody has deliberately changed it.Writing of a programme is essential for computer, and it is the job of a specialist. A computer programme is the complete list of instructions which the computer performs in order to solve a problem. There are many different languages that can be used to programme a computer.
Conclusion:
Computer has a bright future. We all need is to look ahead and to mark the changes coming in the world on account of computer and profit from it.

Mobile Phone (Giorgi Bakuridze)

I can’t imagine my life without a mobile.My mobile is everything for me.When I have problems I often call people or sending messages and I say without any hesitation that mobile is the best invention in the world.The new technological wonder nowadays is iphone mobile.You can do everything with this mobile.Iphone have many programs,also you can search new words and do assignment.We can definitely say that mobile is one those inventions wich completely changed people's lives.

Car (Giorgi Afxazava)

    With the development of science and technology, the cars have already become the important component in our daily life gradually. Cars make our life convenient and swift.
     A small carriage propelled by a steam turbine powered engine was apparently invented by Ferdinand, a Belgian, in 1672 while in China. It is argued that this 


constitutes the first 'car' ever invented, but the design was only 65cm long, had 


no seats or pilot controls, and was intended as little more than a toy. Further, 


there is little evidence that the invention was ever actually built. 

Nicholas Cugnot, a French inventor who had dabbled with the concept of steam-

propelled vehicles for the French Army since 1765, built a self-propelled, three-

wheeled carriage powered by a reciprocating steam engine. A small version of 

this was working in 1769, and the first full-size version was built a year later. It 

possessed many of the characteristics that define a car as we know it today, 

being self-propelled, pilot-able, and designed for the carriage of persons. 

                         This is the car which  invented Nicholas Cugnot

       

Cell Phone (Medea Kaikatsishvili)

    As time passes by technology is growing faster and faster. Now, instead of waiting an hour for supper to cook, I can just put it in the microwave for 5 minutes and it will be done and taste the same. The most important kind of technology in my life is a cell phone. I bring my cell phone with me everywhere that I go and use it on a daily basis. Cell phones have many advantages and disadvantages.
    Cell phones have been around for quite some time, but as time goes on, cell phones continue to gain many features. A cell phone started out as just a simple device that had only numbers, and most people used them for emergencies only. Nowadays, cell phones have many features such as: phone calls, text messaging, accessing the web, taking pictures, using calculators, an alarm clock and many other things.

Camera (Tato Baramidze)

Camera is a device that takes pictures.  It uses film or electronics to make a picture of something. A lens makes the image that the film or electronics sees. A camera that takes one picture at a time is sometimes called a still camera. A camera that can take many pictures in a row is called a movie camera. A camera that can take videos is called a video camera or a camcorder. A Camera on a phone is called a "Camera Phone"All cameras are basically a box that light can not get into until a photo is taken. There is a hole on one side of the camera where the light can get in, and this is called the aperture. On the other side is a special material that can record the image that comes through the aperture. this material is the film in a film camera or electronic sensor in a digital camera. Finally, there is also the shutter, which stops light from getting in until a photo is taken.When a photo is taken, the shutter moves out of the way. This lets light come in through the aperture and make a picture on the film or electronic sensor. In many cameras, the size of the aperture can be changed to let in more light or less light. The amount of time that the shutter lets light through can be changed as well. This also lets in more light or less light. Most of the time, electronics inside the camera control these, but in some cameras the person taking the picture can change them as well.
     Nowadays all the people use digital cameras.A digital camera  is a camera that takes video or still photographs, or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor. It is the main device used in the field of digital photography. 

Computer (Temur Glonti)

A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem. An important class of computer operations on some computing platforms is the accepting of input from human operators and the output of results formatted for human consumption. The interface between the computer and the human operator is known as the user interface.
Conventionally a computer consists of some form of memory for data storage, at least one element that carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control element that can change the order of operations based on the information that is stored. Peripheral devices allow information to be entered from an external source, and allow the results of operations to be sent out
A computer's processing unit executes series of instructions that make it read, manipulate and then store data. Conditional instructions change the sequence of instructions as a function of the current state of the machine or its environment.
The first electronic digital computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). Originally, they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). In this era mechanical analog computers were used for military applications.
Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from mp3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.

Computer (Dato Tabagua)

      A computer is a programmable machine ,which is designed to carry out some operations. At first computer was just an enormous machine which could only calculate . Nobody knows who built the first computer. This is because the word "computer" used to mean a person who did math as their job (a human computer). Because of this, some people say that humans were the first computers. Human computers got bored doing the same math over and over again, and made tools (mostly mechanical calculating devices like abacuses) to help them get the answers to their problems. It is said that the inventor of the 'modern' computer was Charles Babbage. But nowadays it begets more and more functions. It has become so important to us that most of us can’t even imagine their lives without them. Most modern computers can be used to play music or video. The basic principle is still the same though: the computer has a set of rules, usually called an algorithm. The computer changes information based on these rules.

Mobile Phone (Mari Zoidze)

        Prior to the development of mobile phones, people used two-way radios to communicate while they were mobile. The idea behind two-way radios gave rise to the invention of mobile phones.

      Nowadays, the mobile phone is so important to us that it’s hard to think of life without it. However, they're a relatively new invention. 

      On 3 April 1973, Dr Martin Cooper, who was a Motorola employee, placed a call to rival Joel Engel, who was head of research at AT&T. Doctor Martin made the call while he was walking the streets of New York & did so through the first Motorola DynaTAC prototype in front of journalists. 

      The earliest mobile telephones were dubbed first generation telephones, often referred to as 1-G. These devices were the very first real mobile telephones, although they were then known as cellular mobile radiophones, & were based on analogue signalling. The analogue signal was the main difference between these first generation mobile telephones & their second generation cousins, which came out a few years later. 

      Second generation (2G) digital cellular systems were first developed at the end of the 1980s. These systems digitized not only the control link but also the voice signal. Unlike 1-G phones that were analogue, 2G phones use digital signalling to provide voice services & for text messaging & WAP internet access. Some of the benefits of 2G phones are that they use lower radio signals, which require less battery power. This means that phones lasts a lot longer between charges.

      The earliest pre commercial 3G mobile phone network was launched in Japan in May 2001. Later, 3-G was released commercially in Japan on October 1 2001. 3G is the third generation of mobile phone standards and technology, which succeeded 2G mobile phone technology. The birth of 3-G technologies enabled network operators such as orange to offer their users a bigger range of advanced services. This includes broadband internet, as well as high tech video calls.

Mobile Phone (Nino Jijavadze)

     Mobile phones are used for a variety of purposes, including keeping in touch with family members, conducting business, and having access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. Some people carry more than one cell phone for different purposes, such as for business and personal use. Multiple SIM cards may also be used to take advantage of the benefits of different calling plans—a particular plan might provide cheaper local calls, long-distance calls, international calls. Some schools limit or restrict the use of mobile phones. Schools set restrictions on the use of mobile phones because of the use of cell phones for cheating on tests, harassment and bullying, causing threats to the schools security, distractions to the students, and facilitating gossip and other social activity in school. Many mobile phones are banned in school locker room facilities, public restrooms and swimming pools due to the built-in cameras that most phones now feature roaming. Mobile phones are also commonly used to collect location data. While the phone is turned on, the geographical location of a mobile phone can be determined easily (whether it is being used or not), using a technique known multilateration to calculate the differences in time for a signal to travel from the cell phone to each of several cell near the owner of the phone. The movements of a mobile phone user can be tracked by their government. Both the sim card and the handset can be tracked. The effect mobile phone radiation has on human health is the subject of recent interest and study, as a result of the enormous increase in mobile phone usage throughout the world. Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range which some believe may  be harmful to human health. In addition, a mobile phone can spread infectious diseases by its frequent contact with hands. One study came to the result that pathogenic bacteria are present on approximately 40% of mobile phones belonging to patients in a hospital, and on approximately 20% of mobile phones belonging to hospital staff.

iPaD (Khatia Turmanidze)

                                                                        iPaD
        When you pick up iPad, it becomes an extension of you, it feels completely comfortable in your hand. And it makes surfing the web, checking email, watching movies and reading books so natural, you'll wonder why you ever did it any other way. You'll see two cameras on iPad __ one on the front and one on the back. They may be tiny, but they're a big deal. They're designed for Face Time video calling, and they work together so you can talk to your favorite people and see them smile and laugh back at you. The front camera puts you and your friend face-to-face. Switch to the back camera during your video call to share where you are, who you're with, or what's going on around you. iPad is one big, beautiful display - resolution photos, movies, web pages, books, and more. LED back lighting makes everything you see remarkably crisp, vivid and bright. Even in places with low light, like an airplane. And there's no wrong way to hold iPad. It's designed to show off everything in portrait and landscape, so with every turn the display adjusts to fit. Because it uses a display technology called IPS it has a wide,  - 178° viewing angle. Hold it up to someone across the room, or share it with someone sitting next to you, and everyone gets a brilliant view. With iPad, you use your fingers to do everything. And thanks Multi-Touch technology, everything you do- surfing the web, typing email, reading books, swiping through photos, and switching between apps-is easier and a lot more fun.  When your fingers touch the display, it senses them using electrical fields. Then it instantly transforms your taps, swipes, pinches an flicks into life life actions. Just like that.  Every iPad is built with advanced wireless technology. It automatically finds Wi-Fi networks, which you can join with a few taps. iPad is also available  with 3G connectivity or Wireless networks. So if you're somewhere without Wi-Fi, such as outdoors on a camping trip or on the road, you can still surf the web, check email, or get directions.

































                         

Second group work

First Group                                             Second Group
Leader- Khatia Turmanidze;                  Leader- Mariam Zoidze;
Members:                                                Members:
1:) Giorgi Apxazava ;                             1:) Giorgi Bakuridze;
2:) Irina Gigineishvili ;                          2:) Tato Baramidze;
3:) Tengiz Paichadze ;                           3:) Almari Diasamidze;
4:) Diana Davitadze ;                            4:) Malxaz Davitadze;
5:) Lasha Kunchulia ;                           5:)  Megi Wulukidze
6:) Mariam Dumbadze ;                       6:)  Megi Varshalomidze;

Third Group                                         Fourth Group
Leader- Tiko Karanadze;                    Leader- Medea Kaikatsishvili
Members:                                            Members:
1:) Levan Solomko ;                           1:) Davit Tabagua ;
2:) Nino Jijavadze ;                           2:) Lika Gograchadze ;
3:) Nino Qiqava ;                              3:) Lasha Tarieladze ;
4:) Maia Falavandishvili ;               4:) Nino Nesterova;
5:) Irakli Dzneladze;                        5:) Temur Glonti ; 
6:) Lasha Nogaideli ;                       6:)Nika Miqanadze ;

Group work

                                   Final scores
first group  -   7;
                       second group   -   1;
third group   -   9;
                       fourth group   -  7;
fifth group   -  6;


       Third group is the WINNER ! : ))

pg. 25 №13
         Write a short paragraph about one particular invention which you feel is very important to you personally and which you would find it difficult to live without.



                           Refrigerator
           I can't imagine life without refrigerator. Nowadays it's useful always and everywhere. It is unusual invention. For me winter or any season of year   is unimaginable without cherry, strawberry, plum and other fruits which we can only eat in summer. I storage it in ice-box for winter. After 2 days food is unfit and harmful without refrigerator. For example: melting butter, warm beverage, ice-cream. How could people live without this invention?  Kitchen is near to my room, so refrigerator, too. In summer nights when temperature is 35, I like opening the door of fridge  and taking  cold ice-cream, strawberry, cherry, water-melon, coca-cola in my room. It's very important thing for living. So I love this invention very much.
                                                            Irina Gigineishvili  


                                                          Computer
             I don't have some special gadget that is most important for me. All of them have, their own uses and in a way they all are most important. But nowadays the most popular invention is computer. With helping of it we communicate with each other. There is no work, no program, no business where we don't need computer. Young people like teenagers can't imagine there life without it. They are keen on this invention. I can say that they are computer and internet addicts. They get depressed if they can't log in ''Facebook" once a day. It has the biggest influence on us.The invention of computer is important because it was followed by many other developments. With helping of it we made new programs,  new communication skills. With it we  make some projects, activities, designes of houses. It is the easiest way to do something. The Internet is not used only for communication and entertainment. If you surf  in  some sites you can find there things that books can't teach you.
                                                                                                                       Davit Tabagua



                                                  
                                                    Mobile phone
               I can't imagine my life without my mobile phone. I'm keen on this invention. Because it has many advantages. By mobile you can call or sens messages. It's easy to contact with people. For me this is the biggest advantage of all, because I always chat with my closest friend. Also my mobile for me is my alarm clock, my mp3 and my calendar. I always note special events in is. My life would be really boring without this invention.
                                                                                                                             Khatia Turmanidze




                            




                                                          Computer
          I can not imagine my life without a computer. The invention of the computer is the biggest achievement ever. It have had greatest influence on us. The invention of the computer was important because it was followed by many other exciting developments. There is not just one inventor of the computer as the ideas of many scientists and engineers led to inventor. These ideas were developed in the 1930s and 1940s. Mostly independently to each other in Germany, Britain and in The USA. Computer is the  best and the fastest way for communication. In The Internet we can find any information we need. It's very easy and fast.  But one of its disadvantages is that I can not manage my time with it and my parents always reproof me. So I can definitely say, that invention of a computer is the  greatest achievement.
                                                                                                                        Mariam Zoidze




                              Computer
            I think that computer is one of the biggest achievements. It is my favourite thing and I can't live without it. First of all, computer is the special thing in my life. Because with it life is much more fun. There is also virtual world, or space, where all your friends live, and this world is called  ''Facebook''. Secondly, I can find all I want in different Internet sites, also I can play games. Computer has very big influence on me. So it is essential thing.
                                                                                                                             Levan Solomko

                                             

Group Work

Scores
 Third and Fifth groups have the same pluses-6;

First and Fourth groups have also the same pluses-5;
And the second group has no pluses.

First Task (group work)

1:)
Read text (on page 22)
First group __ TEXT - Lasha,17
Second group __ TEXT - Giorgi,15
Third group __ TEXT -Mariam,17
Fourth group __ TEXT -Levan,16
Fifth group __ TEXT - Ani,15

2:)
Every group should choose one presentor.
Presentor should now the text, and all new words.

5 minutes for reading text

Group Work

                                              Five groups
First group                                           Second group                             Third group
1:) Apxazava Giorgi                              1:) Bakuridze Giorgi                   1:) Ghlonti Temuri
2:) Baramidze Tato                               2:) Gigineishvili Irina                   2:) Turmanidze Khatia
3:) Zoidze Mari                                    3:) Davitadze Malxaz                  3:) Qiqava Nino
4:) Nesterova Nino                              4:) Davitadze Diana                    4:) Tarieladze Lasha
5:) Gograchadze Lika                           5:) Falavandishvili Maia              5:)  Diasamidze Almari
6:) Kunchulia Lasha                                                                               6:) Miqanadze Nika

Fourth group                                      Fifth group
1:) Solomko Levan                             1:) Tabagua Dato
2:) Kaikatsishvili Medea                      2:) Jijavadze Nino
3:) Tsulukidze Megi                             3:) Nogaideli Lasha
4:) Paichadze Tengizi                           4:) Karanadze Tiko
5:) Dzneladze Irakli                              5:) Varshalomidze Megi
6:)Dumbadze Marika

Funny moments of our last excursion

It was about 3 a.m. Giorgi dressed up like a girl, and was acting like a girl. It was so funny.

Why God cretaed friends? : ))

And after all had been created and was neatly arranged, He looked down upon the people of the earth and said; "I cannot be there to comfort them in their sorrow, I can't be there to wrap my arms around them.I am here and yes, they will feel my presence but they'll need something more." He paused for a moment and then said: "I will create for them someone they can see and touch, I will make this person understanding and compassionate, thoughtful and caring.

She won't need to be overly intelligent, just sensitive to others needs. She will have a warm heart and gentle hands and all the time in the world, or so it will seem to those she comforts. Time will mean very little to her it will never be too late nor too early. She will be a very blessed individual and many will love her and come to her door often. She will have to be something very special to take my place because I love my children very much. I want them to have only the best for they will have many trials and will need a strong shoulder." And so he created this individual after much thought and time. 

Then he said, "I must give her a name," he paused for a moment more and then said:

"One of my greatest creations, I shall call her a Friend."